Musical Sounds

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指音樂，是由心中情感觸動而發(fā)出的有節(jié)奏和韻律的聲音。古人常以“音”與“聲”相對：凡自然物所發(fā)聲音叫做“聲”，由人的內(nèi)心情感觸動而發(fā)出的聲音叫做“音”；單一的聲響叫做“聲”，不同“聲”的比配叫做“音”，不同的“音”組成有節(jié)奏的曲調(diào)叫做“樂”。古人認(rèn)為，“音”發(fā)自人的內(nèi)心，一國或一個地區(qū)的音樂往往反映該國或地區(qū)的民心民意和世風(fēng)世情，由此儒家提出了文藝反映政治得失及具有社會教化功能的理論主張。

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Musical sounds, or simply music, are artistically rhythmical sounds flowing forth from one's stirring emotions. Ancient Chinese often made a distinction between musical sounds and plain sounds. Sounds created by a natural environment are plain sounds, while those created when emotions well up in one's heart is music. A single sound is called?sheng?(聲), different sounds that come together are called?yin?(音); when these sounds beautifully fit together, they are called music (yue?樂). Ancient Chinese believed that musical sounds derive from one's inner motions, and that the music of a country or a region reflects the popular sentiments and the social mores there. Hence Confucian scholars believed that art and literature demonstrate both virtues and flaws in a country's governance and therefore play the role of moral education.

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引例 Citations：

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◎凡音者，生人心者也，情動于中，故形于聲，聲成文，謂之音。（《禮記·樂記》）

大凡音樂都產(chǎn)生于人的內(nèi)心。情感在心中激蕩，所以表現(xiàn)為各種聲音。聲音組合成曲調(diào)，就叫做音樂。

All music is born in people's minds. One's stirring emotion is manifested in sounds. When these sounds are arranged into tunes, they constitute musical notes. (The Book of Rites)

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◎音，聲也。生于心，有節(jié)于外，謂之音。（許慎《說文解字·音部》）

音是聲音的一種。產(chǎn)生于內(nèi)心，有節(jié)奏地表現(xiàn)出來后，稱為音樂。

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Music is a particular kind of sounds. What flows forth from the heart in a rhythmical pattern is music. (Xu Shen: Explanation of Script and Elucidation of Characters)