Simple in Diction yet Rich in Meaning
文辭簡約而意蘊豐富。南朝劉勰指出這是儒家經(jīng)書的共同特征，并以之作為文章寫作的一般要求。言辭簡約是緊密聯(lián)系表意的要求而論的，在文章表意充分明了的前提下避免冗余的言辭；但是為了表意明了，便于讀者理解接受，也不排除應當多方論說和描述，如《詩經(jīng)》為了充分抒情而重章疊唱，但依然不失簡約特征。“辭約而旨豐”一語亦用來指文藝作品以特殊手法來表現(xiàn)難以言說的情志，在不同讀者那里可能產(chǎn)生多種多樣的體會，即使是同一個讀者也會帶來豐富的感受。
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The concept means the use of concise language that conveys ample implications. Liu Xie of the Southern Dynasties pointed out that this was a shared characteristic of the Confucian classics, and he also regarded it as a basic rule for writing in general. Simple diction is relative to the goal of expressing ideas — avoiding superfluous language as long as the message is fully communicated. At the same time, in order to make the meaning clearer and easier for readers to understand, it does not exclude sufficient discussions and descriptions, such as the use of repetitious lyrics to amplify emotional expression in?The Book of Songs.?The concept is also used to refer to employing special literary devices to express sentiments hard to describe with words, which may evoke varied responses from different readers, as well as arouse abundant feelings in the individual reader.
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引例 Citations：
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◎至根柢槃深，枝葉峻茂，辭約而旨豐，事近而喻遠。是以往者雖舊，余味日新；后進追取而非晚，前修久用而未先，可謂太山遍雨，河潤千里者也。（劉勰《文心雕龍·宗經(jīng)》）
儒家經(jīng)書猶如大樹，根深蒂固，樹干高峻而枝葉繁茂，文辭簡約而意蘊豐富，記事平實而寓意深遠。因此經(jīng)書盡管古舊，但每天回味都能生發(fā)新的意義；后學追索探求永遠不會嫌晚，前修長久運用也未必能夠讀透占先。經(jīng)書的作用好比泰山之云讓雨水遍灑大地，又如黃河之水滋潤千里土地一樣啊。
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Confucian classics are like big trees with deep roots, tall and straight trunks and plentiful leaves. They are simple in diction yet rich in meaning, with profound implications in unadorned narration. That is why the classics, although being ancient, can bring out new meanings every day when being savored. It is never too late to explore them by later generations; earlier studies and longtime applications of them also would not mean complete understanding that leaves no room for other interpretations. The influence of the classics is comparable to clouds on top of the Taishan Mountain shedding rain to soak the earth, or to the water of the Yellow River moistening vast tracks of land. (Liu Xie: The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons)
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◎客主有不通處，張乃遙于末坐判之，言約旨遠，足暢彼我之懷，一坐皆驚。（劉義慶《世說新語·文學》）
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主客雙方出現(xiàn)不能溝通之處，張憑就遠遠地在末座加以分析評判，言語簡要，含義深遠，將雙方的意思都清晰暢快地加以闡明，滿座的賓客都為之震驚。
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When the host and guests had difficulty communicating with one another, Zhang Ping would observe and offer his analysis and comments while seated at the far end of the gathering. His words, simple yet profound in implications, clearly and freely explained the meanings of both sides, which deeply impressed all the guests in attendance. (Liu Yiqing: A New Account of Tales of the World)
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