舉一反三
Infer Three Other Related Aspects from One Concept
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列舉事物的一個(gè)方面則推及其他三個(gè)方面。“舉一反三”一說出自《論語》，是孔子（前551—前479）希望學(xué)生能夠達(dá)成的一種學(xué)習(xí)的狀態(tài)。人們要能夠通過對(duì)某一事物的學(xué)習(xí)，把握事物所依循的規(guī)則，并由此認(rèn)識(shí)那些遵循著相同規(guī)則的其他事物?？鬃右砸粋€(gè)事物的“一隅”與“三隅”來說明這一認(rèn)識(shí)推演的過程，這也即是通常所說的“觸類旁通”。
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This phrase, from?The Analects, stands for extrapolating many things from one. It describes a state of learning that Confucius (551-479 BC) hoped his students would reach. The concept entails understanding the underlying principles of a single matter and using that knowledge to discern other matters that follow the same principles. Confucius used the metaphor of "one corner" and "three corners" to exemplify this process of knowledge extension, widely known as "drawing inferences by analogy."
引例 Citation：
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◎子曰：“不憤不啟，不悱不發(fā)，舉一隅不以三隅反，則不復(fù)也?！保ā墩撜Z·述而》）
孔子說：“不到想求得明白而未得的時(shí)候就不去啟發(fā)他，不到想說清楚而未能的時(shí)候就不去開導(dǎo)他。教給他一個(gè)方面的東西，他卻不能由此而推知其他三個(gè)方面的東西，那就不再教他了。”
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Confucius said, "I do not teach a student who is not eager to learn; I do not provide guidance to a student until he wishes to express himself but is unsure how to do it. If I impart one concept to him, and he fails to infer three other related aspects from it, then further instruction is futile." (The Analects)
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